AI and Automation in Accounting: Implications for Commerce Professionals in India

Abstract

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and automation technologies has significantly transformed the accounting profession, fundamentally altering traditional practices and professional roles. This study examines the implications of AI and automation for accounting functions and commerce professionals in the Indian context during 2023–2025. Employing a descriptive and analytical research design based on secondary data from peer-reviewed journals, reports of professional accounting bodies, government initiatives, and global consultancy publications, the study explores trends in AI adoption, automation of accounting processes, the evolving skill landscape, employment dynamics, and ethical and professional responsibilities. Findings indicate a substantial increase in the deployment of AI and Robotic Process Automation (RPA) across core accounting functions, including bookkeeping, auditing, taxation, fraud detection, and financial forecasting. In India, regulatory digitization initiatives such as Goods and Services Tax (GST) automation, e-invoicing, and widespread adoption of cloud-based ERP systems have accelerated the integration of intelligent technologies in accounting. While routine tasks are being automated, this transformation is reshaping professional roles, increasing demand for analytical, technological, and advisory competencies. However, the transition also presents challenges, including skill gaps, high implementation costs, data security risks, ethical considerations, and organizational resistance. The study concludes that the future of accounting in India hinges on the successful integration of human judgment with intelligent systems. To remain relevant, commerce professionals must engage in continuous upskilling, particularly in data analytics, AI-enabled accounting tools, and digital technologies. This research contributes practical insights for professionals, educators, and policymakers navigating the evolving accounting landscape.