An Analysis of Policies and Implementation of Environmental Legislation and Green Governance in India

Abstract

This paper provides a thorough examination of environmental legislation for green governance in India, offering a comprehensive analysis of both policies and their practical implementation. Through an in-depth review of existing laws, regulations, and their historical context, the study examines and evaluates the effectiveness and impact of environmental laws and green governance in addressing various environmental challenges faced by our country.  By examining the challenges encountered during implementation, the research seeks to provide insights that can enhance future policy developments and promote sustainable environmental practices in India. The objective of this research paper is to delve into an extensive analysis of the major environmental laws and regulations in India, including the Environment Protection Act, Forest Conservation Act, Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, Wildlife Protection Act, and others. It examines the roles and responsibilities of various regulatory bodies, including the Ministry of Environment, Forests, and Climate Change, State Pollution Control Boards, and other relevant authorities. The research discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the enforcement mechanisms, identifying gaps and challenges in the implementation of Environmental laws and green governance. It addresses the issue of stakeholder engagement and participation in environmental decision-making processes. It also analyses the provisions for public consultation, access to information, and the role of non-governmental organisations in shaping environmental policies and influencing the implementation of legislation. Therefore, the study explores the challenges and opportunities for strengthening public participation and fostering greater accountability in environmental green governance.